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PVE下it87安装驱动+风扇调速教程

前情提要

最近给我的All in Boom主机更换了机箱和电源，原来的esxi没有LXC容器比较麻烦，于是我打算装回PVE。装回PVE后问题接踵而至，首当其冲的就是风扇噪音的问题，Linux下的风扇调度极其智障，稍加负载立刻风扇立刻拉满，再由于我的主机放在卧室衣柜上，有时候就会突然吵起来，十分影响环境。

于是我上网找了各种教程和方法，发现网上关于PVE调整风扇转速的教程基本上比较笼统，而且有些不支持新版的PVE，我总结了一些步骤结合方法，于是就有了这一篇（十分水的）教程文章，话不多说，开始吧！

编译it87驱动

原版的PVE是不内置it87驱动的，由于常规主板的传感器芯片基本多为ITE Super I/O，所以一般情况下没有编译安装驱动之前，是无法进行pwm的调速的（系统识别不出来）

首先需要查看内核版本并且安装内核头文件

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root@pve:~# uname -a #查看内核版本
Linux pve 7.0.12-1-pve #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC PMX 7.0.12-1 (2026-06-09T21:07Z) x86_64 GNU/Linux
root@pve:~# apt install -y linux-headers-7.0.12-1-pve

或者直接使用此命令安装

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root@pve:~# apt install linux-headers-$(uname -r)

然后需要下载所需的驱动文件

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root@pve:~# apt install git
root@pve:~# git clone https://github.com/frankcrawford/it87.git
Cloning into 'it87'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 1251, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (362/362), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (101/101), done.
remote: Total 1251 (delta 318), reused 266 (delta 261), pack-reused 889 (from 2)
Receiving objects: 100% (1251/1251), 29.11 MiB | 18.33 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (702/702), done.

然后进行驱动的编译

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root@pve:~# cd it87
root@pve:~/it87# 
root@pve:~/it87# apt install -y dkms make gcc build-essential libelf-dev lm-sensors
root@pve:~/it87# make clean
root@pve:~/it87# make
warning: pahole version differs from the one used to build the kernel
  The kernel was built with: 130
  You are using:             0
  CC [M]  it87.o
  MODPOST Module.symvers
  CC [M]  it87.mod.o
  CC [M]  .module-common.o
  LD [M]  it87.ko
  BTF [M] it87.ko
Skipping BTF generation for it87.ko due to unavailability of vmlinux
root@pve:~/it87# make install

该驱动依赖hwmon_vid驱动，需要提前加载

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root@pve:~/it87# modprobe -D hwmon-vid
insmod /lib/modules/7.0.12-1-pve/kernel/drivers/hwmon/hwmon-vid.ko 
root@pve:~/it87# modprobe -v hwmon-vid
insmod /lib/modules/7.0.12-1-pve/kernel/drivers/hwmon/hwmon-vid.ko

之后加载it87驱动

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root@pve:~/it87# insmod it87.ko
root@pve:~/it87# dmesg |grep it87 #检测驱动是否加载成功
[   10.138124] it87: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
[   10.138136] it87: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel
[   10.138949] it87: it87 driver version <not provided>
[   10.139100] it87: Found IT8628E chip at 0xa40, revision 2
[   10.139185] it87: Beeping is supported

如果dmesg有输出就代表驱动加载成功了，make再执行编译过程中如果有错误一般可以忽略，只要驱动成功安装就没有什么大问题，这样驱动就编译就告一段落了

驱动持久化

由于这样只是临时的安装完成（写在内存里），重启就会失效，所以我们需要进行驱动持久化（将驱动保存进内核grub参数里）

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root@pve:~/it87# echo "it87" > /etc/modules-load.d/it87.conf
root@pve:~/it87# Update-initramfs -u -k all
root@pve:~/it87# reboot

重启后执行sensors查看结果

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root@pve:~/it87# sensors
coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0:  +63.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 0:        +54.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 1:        +54.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

acpitz-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
temp1:        +27.8°C  
temp2:        +29.8°C  

it8628-isa-0a40
Adapter: ISA adapter
in0:           1.16 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.06 V)
in1:           2.03 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.06 V)
in2:           2.05 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.06 V)
in3:           2.04 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.06 V)
in4:          12.00 mV (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.06 V)
in5:           1.08 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.06 V)
in6:           1.54 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.06 V)
3VSB:          3.38 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +6.12 V)
Vbat:          3.12 V  
fan1:        1739 RPM  (min =    0 RPM)
fan2:           0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM)
fan3:           0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM)
fan4:           0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM)
fan5:           0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM)
temp1:        +43.0°C  (low  = +127.0°C, high = +127.0°C)  sensor = thermistor
temp2:        +51.0°C  (low  = +127.0°C, high = +127.0°C)  sensor = thermistor
temp3:        +60.0°C  (low  = +127.0°C, high = +127.0°C)  sensor = Intel PECI
temp4:       +100.0°C  (low  =  +0.0°C, high = +127.0°C)
temp5:        +56.0°C  (low  =  +0.0°C, high = +127.0°C)
temp6:        +45.0°C  (low  =  +0.0°C, high = +127.0°C)
pwm1:             60%  (freq = 23437 Hz)  MANUAL CONTROL
pwm2:             35%  (freq = 23437 Hz)
pwm3:             35%  (freq = 23437 Hz)
pwm4:              0%  (freq = 23437 Hz)
pwm5:              0%  (freq = 23437 Hz)
intrusion0:  ALARM

sensors中Fan1已经可以正常显示风扇rpm转速

调整风扇

首先先安装风扇控制程序

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root@pve:~/it87# apt install -y fancontrol

然后进行风扇的检测

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root@pve:~/it87# pwmconfig 
# pwmconfig version 3.8.0
This program will search your sensors for pulse width modulation (pwm)
controls, and test each one to see if it controls a fan on
your motherboard. Note that many motherboards do not have pwm
circuitry installed, even if your sensor chip supports pwm.
We will attempt to briefly stop each fan using the pwm controls.
The program will attempt to restore each fan to full speed
after testing. However, it is ** very important ** that you
physically verify that the fans have been to full speed
after the program has completed.
Found the following devices:
   hwmon0 is acpitz
   hwmon1 is nvme
   hwmon1 is coretemp
   hwmon1 is nct6798
Found the following PWM controls:
   hwmon1/pwm1           current value: 255
   hwmon1/pwm2           current value: 255
   hwmon1/pwm3           current value: 255
   hwmon1/pwm4           current value: 153
   hwmon1/pwm5           current value: 153
   hwmon1/pwm6           current value: 255
   hwmon1/pwm7           current value: 255
Giving the fans some time to reach full speed...
Found the following fan sensors:
   hwmon1/fan1_input     current speed: 2521 RPM 
   hwmon1/fan2_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!
   hwmon1/fan3_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!
   hwmon1/fan4_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!
   hwmon1/fan5_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!
   hwmon1/fan6_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!
   hwmon1/fan7_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!
Warning!!! This program will stop your fans, one at a time,
for approximately 5 seconds each!!!
This may cause your processor temperature to rise!!!
If you do not want to do this hit control-C now!!!
Hit return to continue:

启动后pwmconfig会让所有支持PWM调速的风扇都运转在最高转速 此处按下回车之后程序会对每个风扇进行识别，会调整风扇转速到最低，要注意机箱中风扇是否正在被控制

程序测试了第一个风扇控制器，在上一步中的Found the following fan sensors可以看到，只有1号cpu控制器有连接风扇，其他都没有安装风扇，如果无需测试可以直接输入n跳过

输入y执行风扇1的转速测试 此处会逐渐降低风扇转速，直到风扇停转

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Testing pwm control hwmon1/pwm1 ...
  hwmon1/fan1_input ... speed was 2521 now 995
    It appears that fan hwmon1/fan1_input
    is controlled by pwm hwmon1/pwm1
Would you like to generate a detailed correlation (y)? 
    PWM 255 FAN 2521
    PWM 240 FAN 2411
    PWM 225 FAN 2345
    PWM 210 FAN 2300
    PWM 195 FAN 2220
    PWM 180 FAN 2146
    PWM 165 FAN 1979
    PWM 150 FAN 1909
    PWM 135 FAN 1721
    PWM 120 FAN 1632
    PWM 105 FAN 1451
    PWM 90 FAN 1359
    PWM 75 FAN 1196
    PWM 60 FAN 1080
    PWM 45 FAN 1010
    PWM 30 FAN 1005
    PWM 28 FAN 1004
    PWM 26 FAN 1003
    PWM 24 FAN 1002
    PWM 22 FAN 1002
    PWM 20 FAN 1002
    PWM 18 FAN 1002
    PWM 16 FAN 1001
    PWM 14 FAN 1000
    PWM 12 FAN 1000
    PWM 10 FAN 1000
    PWM 8 FAN 998
    PWM 6 FAN 998
    PWM 4 FAN 997
    PWM 2 FAN 997
    PWM 0 FAN 995

这里选择基于哪个温度传感器控制PWM调速

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Select a temperature sensor as source for hwmon1/pwm1:
1.  hwmon0/temp1_input 10) hwmon3/temp3_input
2.  hwmon1/temp1_input 11) hwmon3/temp4_input
3.  hwmon1/temp2_input 12) hwmon3/temp5_input
4.  hwmon1/temp3_input 13) hwmon3/temp6_input
5.  hwmon2/temp1_input 14) hwmon3/temp7_input
6.  hwmon2/temp2_input 15) hwmon3/temp8_input
7.  hwmon2/temp6_input 16) hwmon3/temp9_input
8.  hwmon3/temp1_input 17) None (Do not affect this PWM output)
9.  hwmon3/temp2_input

此处的选项来自/sys/class/hwmon/下文件，通过查看/sys/class/hwmon<数字>/name可以知道对应系统哪个硬件的温度，之后通过sensors找到此温度对应的文件，选择之后会通过此文件的温度数值进行调速

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# 风扇起转的温度
Enter the low temperature (degree C)
below which the fan should spin at minimum speed (20): 30
# 最高温度
Enter the high temperature (degree C)
above which the fan should spin at maximum speed (60): 55
# 风扇停转时的PWM调速值
Enter the minimum PWM value (0-255)
at which the fan STOPS spinning (press t to test) (100): 120
# 风扇起转时PWM调速值
Enter the minimum PWM value (0-255)
at which the fan STARTS spinning (press t to test) (100): 135

输入温度和PWM调速值保存并且退出之后，会在/etc生成fancontrol (/etc/fancontrol)的配置文件，我们也可以通过这个文件实时修改风扇调速的配置参数

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# Configuration file generated by pwmconfig, changes will be lost
INTERVAL=10
DEVPATH=hwmon1=devices/platform/it87.2624
DEVNAME=hwmon1=it8628
FCTEMPS=hwmon1/pwm1=hwmon1/temp4_input
FCFANS= hwmon1/pwm1=hwmon1/fan1_input
MINTEMP=hwmon1/pwm1=30
MAXTEMP=hwmon1/pwm1=55
MINSTART=hwmon1/pwm1=150
MINSTOP=hwmon1/pwm1=0
MAXPWM=hwmon1/pwm1=120

重启并自启调速服务，应用配置文件

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root@pve:~/it87# systemctl start fancontrol
root@pve:~/it87# systemctl enable fancontrol

使用systemctl status查看运行情况

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● fancontrol.service - fan speed regulator
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/fancontrol.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2026-07-03 21:49:12 CST; 2 days ago
 Invocation: 5c0176929edd4370be86ebd78e60c3cb
       Docs: man:fancontrol(8)
             man:pwmconfig(8)
   Main PID: 912 (fancontrol)
      Tasks: 2 (limit: 25790)
     Memory: 1.9M (peak: 4.3M)
        CPU: 2min 52.899s
     CGroup: /system.slice/fancontrol.service
             ├─   912 /bin/bash /usr/sbin/fancontrol
             └─814011 sleep 10

Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   Controls hwmon1/fan1_input
Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   MINTEMP=30
Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   MAXTEMP=55
Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   MINSTART=150
Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   MINSTOP=0
Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   MINPWM=0
Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   MAXPWM=120
Jul 03 21:49:12 pve fancontrol[912]:   AVERAGE=1
Jul 03 21:49:13 pve fancontrol[912]: Enabling PWM on fans...
Jul 03 21:49:13 pve fancontrol[912]: Starting automatic fan control...

程序已在运行，并且成功对风扇进行调速